This article is based on the panel “Lightning as the Common Language of Bitcoin” from Plan B Forum 2025, moderated by Giacomo Zucco, with Kilian Rauch (Boltz), Federico Tenga (Bitfinex / RGB Protocol Association), Marco Argentieri (ArcLabs), and Roy Sheinfeld (Breeze). At Plan ₿ Forum 2025 in October, a panel moderated by Giacomo Zucco asked…
Based on the talk “RGB as a Multi-L2 Standard” by Federico Tenga at the Tuscany Lightning Summit 2026, Viareggio, Italy, May 12–13, 2026. In Brief Bitcoin Is Building a Multi-Layer Ecosystem. RGB Protocol on Bitcoin is the universal asset standard for Bitcoin’s multi-layer ecosystem: a protocol that allows digital assets issued on Bitcoin to move…
RGB vs RGB++ — in brief What is RGB Protocol on Bitcoin? RGB Protocol on Bitcoin is a protocol for issuing and transferring digital assets and private contracts natively on Bitcoin and Lightning Network, without sidechains, bridges, or companion blockchains. How it works — client-side validation RGB uses a technique called client-side validation: the data…
Comparing RGB v0.11.1 vs v0.12? If you are building on RGB Protocol on Bitcoin, the answer is v0.11.1. Here is why. Is RGB v0.11.1 production ready? RGB v0.11.1 is already running in real-world applications: Iris Wallet, BitMask, KaleidoSwap, LNFI, and Utexo are all built on it and are actively used on mainnet. The rgb-lib library…
The idea: Bitcoin as more than money Bitcoin was designed to do one thing extremely well: transfer value between parties without trusting a third party. But from the early days of the ecosystem, developers began asking a broader question: could Bitcoin’s security and decentralization be used to represent any kind of digital asset, not just…
Disclaimer: for education purposes some of the concepts described in this article have been simplified, and to avoid overwhelming the reader with new terms also the terminology may differ from technical specifications. There is a growing interest in the issuance of digital assets on top of Bitcoin and Lightning Network, but most approaches required compromises…
KaleidoSwap is the first decentralized exchange being built on RGB Protocol on Bitcoin’s Lightning Network. The September 2025 pre-seed round marked a concrete validation: institutional capital is now backing Bitcoin-native DeFi infrastructure built on RGB. What makes KaleidoSwap significant is the architecture. The exchange is designed to work entirely within the Bitcoin protocol stack, without…
August 27, 2025 — Lugano, Switzerland This article is adapted from the original announcement published by the RGB Protocol Association. Some terminology has been updated to reflect v0.11.1 conventions. Tether has announced its intention to bring USD₮ to RGB Protocol on Bitcoin, the next-generation protocol for issuing and transacting digital assets natively on Bitcoin and…
RGB Protocol on Bitcoin has reached a landmark milestone: RGB v0.11.1 is officially live on Bitcoin mainnet. Several members of the RGB Protocol Association have simultaneously shipped their products, marking the beginning of a new chapter for Bitcoin-native digital assets. Ecosystem Products Now Live Four RGB-powered applications launched on mainnet alongside the v0.11.1 release: LNFI…
The RGB Protocol Association is the Swiss non-profit organization that supports the development and adoption of RGB Protocol on Bitcoin, the open protocol for issuing and transferring digital assets natively on Bitcoin and the Lightning Network. Founded in July 2025, the Association brings together the organizations and individuals building on RGB Protocol on Bitcoin v0.11.1,…